Need Help?
APA
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (call number BF76.7 .P83 2020) is the official guide to APA style, which is the required citation style for the HSA program. The Library has multiple copies of this book, both available to check out and for in-library-use. The following resources will help you create APA citations for a variety of sources.
- APA StyleThe official APA website, with examples and guidelines.
- APA Style BlogThe official blog, answering and clarifying questions about APA.
- Tyree Library's Guide to APA (Best Bet)An in-depth guide created by Tyree Library librarians to bring together guidance and examples from the print handbook and online sites.
Example References
Components
- Authors: Bernard J. Healey, Marc C. Marchese
- Title: Foundations of Health Care Management: Principles and Methods
- Publication Date: 2012
- Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
APA Reference
Healey, B. J., & Marchese, M. C. (2012). Foundations of health care management: Principles and methods. John Wiley & Sons.
In-Text Citation
(Healey & Marchese, 2012, p. 33)
Video Tutorial
Components
- Author of Chapter: Edwin E. Lewis, Jr.
- Title of Chapter: Healthcare Informatics: The Intersection of Information Technology and Care Delivery
- Page Range: 93-132 (Volume 2)
- Editor of Book: Douglas E. Hough and Kenneth H. Cohn
- Title of Book: The Business of Healthcare
- Publication Date: 2008
- Publisher: ABC-CLIO
APA Reference
Lewis, E. E., Jr. (2008). Healthcare informatics: The intersection of information technology and care delivery. In D. E. Hough & K. H. Cohn (Eds.), The business of healthcare (Vol. 2, pp. 93–131). ABC-CLIO.
In-Text Citation
(Lewis, 2008)
Video Tutorial
Components
- Authors: Yi Chen, Shuai Ding, Zheng Xu, Handong Zheng & Shanlin Yang
- Article Title: Blockchain-Based Medical Records Secure Storage and Medical Service Framework
- Publication Date: 2018
- Journal Title: Journal of Medical Systems
- Volume number: 43
- Issue number: 1
- Pages: 1
- DOI: 10.1007/s10916-018-1121-4
APA Reference (with DOI)
Chen, Y., Ding, S., Xu, Z., Zheng, H., & Yang, S. (2018). Blockchain-based medical records secure storage and medical service framework. Journal of Medical Systems, 43(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-018-1121-4
APA Reference (no DOI)
Miller, J. (2021). How blockchain can be used for personal health record storage and security. Online Journal of Nursing Informatics, 25(2), 3.
In-Text Citations
(Chen et al., 2018; Miller, 2021, p. 3)
Video Tutorial
Components
- Author: Anna Wilde Mathews
- Article Title: Business Groups Sue Over Healthcare Price Transparency Rule
- Publication Date: August 20, 2021
- Newspaper Title: Wall Street Journal
- URL: https://www.wsj.com/articles/business-groups-sue-over-healthcare-price-transparency-rule-11629464688
APA Reference
Mathews, A. W. (2021, August 20). Business groups sue over healthcare price transparency rule. Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/business-groups-sue-over-healthcare-price-transparency-rule-11629464688
In-Text Citations
(Mathews, 2021)
Components
- Authors: Robin Rudowitz, Rachel Garfield, and Larry Levitt
- Web Page Title: Filling the Coverage Gap: Policy Options and Considerations
- Publication Date: April 22, 2021
- Website Title: Kaiser Family Foundation
- URL of Web Page: https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-brief/filling-the-coverage-gap-policy-options-and-considerations/
APA Reference
Rudowitz, R., Garfield, R., & Levitt, L. (2021, April 22). Filling the coverage gap: Policy options and considerations. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-brief/filling-the-coverage-gap-policy-options-and-considerations/
APA Reference (w/ organizational author and no date)
National Center for Health Statistics. (n.d.). National Health Interview Survey: Historical context. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/health_insurance/hi_history.htm
In-Text Citation
(Rudowitz et al., 2021; National Center for Health Statistics, n.d.)
Video Tutorial
Common APA Errors
Author Formatting
- Only use initials for the first and middle names of authors.
- Place commas between each author's name.
- Place an ampersand (&) before the final author.
- For organizational authors, capitalize all major words.
Date Formatting
- Dates are places in parentheses with a period after the closing parentheses.
- Format as: Year, Month Day.
- Spell out the entire month.
- If there is no discernible publication or creation date, use n.d.
Title Formatting
- The biggest error students make in APA is in formatting the title. Only capitalize the first word of the title, the first word of the subtitle (which is after a colon), and any proper nouns.
- The title may or may not be italicized, depending on the type of resource it is. Consult the handbook and other resources.
Publication Formatting
- When citing journal articles, the volume number is italicized.
- If a resources has a DOI, use that instead of a URL.