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APA Citations
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (call number BF76.7 .P83 2020) is the official guide to APA style. The Library has multiple copies of this book, both available to check out and for in-library-use. The following links and tutorials will help you create APA citations for the sources you need to cite.
More Resources
APA - The Basics
APA Citations - The Basics
- In-text parenthetical citations: In-text parenthetical citations should include the following elements:
author's last name, date, and page number.
Example: (Miller, 2012, p. 10).
- Formatting References list: In the References list, entries should be double-spaced with a hanging indent.
Tip: in Microsoft Word, you can use CTRL + T to create a hanging indent.
- Capitalization: In the title of a book, journal article, or Web page, only the first letter of the first word of the title, subtitle, or any proper nouns should be capitalized.
Example: The child: An encyclopedic companion.
- Authors' names: When listing authors' names, give the last name, followed by the initials.
Example: Jenna C. Miller = Miller, J. C.
*Cite the first 20 authors. If you have more than 20 authors, list the first 19 authors, then type an ellipsis and list the final author:
Shi, L., Jones, H., Potter, H., Granger, H., Weasley, R., Dumbledore, A., Snape, S., Black, S., Chang, C., Delacour, F., Dursley, D., Finnigan, S., Hagrid, R., Krum, V., Longbottom, N., McGonagall, M., Flitwick, F., Ollivander, G., Malfoy, D. . . . Lovegood, L. - Formatting titles: Titles of larger, stand-alone works (e.g., books, journals, government reports, webpages, etc.) should be italicized. Titles of shorter, dependent works (e.g., chapters in books, essays, articles, etc.) should not be italicized.
Example:
Book title: Early childhood education: An international encyclopedia.
Article title: Easing separation anxiety: Recommendations for parents, families, and teachers.
Example References
Book & eBook
Components
- Author: Lauren Berger
- Title: All Work, No Pay: Finding an Internship, Building Your Resume, Making Connections, and Gaining Job Experience
- Publication Date: 2012
- Publisher: Ten Speed Press
APA Reference
Berger, L. (2012). All work, no pay: Finding an internship, building your resume, making connections, and gaining job experience. Ten Speed Press.
In-Text Citation
(Berger, 2012, p. 16)
Video Tutorial
Chapter in an Edited Book
Components
- Author(s) of Chapter: Micah Issitt, Michael Aliprandi
- Title of Chapter: Nicaragua
- Page Range: 97-114
- Editor of Book: Michael Shally-Jensen
- Title of Book: Countries, Peoples & Cultures: Central & South America
- Publication Date: 2015
- Publisher: Salem Press
APA Reference
Issitt, M., & Aliprandi, M. (2015). Nicaragua. In M. Shally-Jensen (Ed.), Countries, peoples & cultures: Central & South America (pp. 97–114). Salem Press.
In-Text Citation
(Issitt & Aliprandi, 2015)
Video Tutorial
Article on AtoZ the World
Components
- Author/Writer (found at bottom): A. Cotham
- Article Title: Cambodia: Business Entertaining
- Publication Date: no date given
- Database: AtoZ the World
- Database Homepage: http://www.atoztheworld.com/
APA Reference
Cotham, A. (n.d.). Cambodia: Business entertaining. AtoZ the World. Retrieved October 19, 2019, from http://www.atoztheworld.com/
APA Reference (No Author)
Brazil: Meetings. (n.d.). AtoZ the World. Retrieved October 19, 2019, from http://www.atoztheworld.com/
In-Text Citations
(Cotham, n.d.; "Brazil," n.d.)
Journal Article
Components
- Authors: Kate Stringer, Jenniger Kerpelman, Vladimir Skorikov
- Article Title: A Longitudinal Examination of Career Preparation and Adjustment During the Transition From High School
- Publication Date: 2012
- Journal Title: Developmental Psychology
- Volume number: 48
- Issue number: 5
- Pages: 1341-1354
- DOI: 10.1037/a0027296
APA Reference (with DOI)
Stringer, K,. Kerpelman, J., & Skorikov, V. (2012). A longitudinal examination of career preparation and adjustment during the transition from high school. Developmental Psychology, 48(5), 1341–1354. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027296
APA Reference (no DOI)
Cassuto, L. (2012). In search of hard data on nonacademic careers. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 59(2), 10.
In-Text Citations
(Stringer et al., 2012; Cassuto, 2012, p. 10)
Video Tutorial
Streaming Video
Components
- Director: none provided
- Video Title: Business Culture: China
- Publication Date: 2012
- Streaming Video Source: Films on Demand
APA Reference
Business culture: China [Video]. (2012). Films on Demand.
In-Text Citation
(Business Culture, 2012, 1:34)
Video Tutorial
Webpage
Components
- Author: Eric Kjellgren
- Web Page Title: Musical Instruments of Oceania
- Publication Date: January 2010
- Website Title: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- URL of Web Page: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/muoc/hd_muoc.htm
APA Reference
Kjellgren, E. (2010, January). Musical instruments of Oceania. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/muoc/hd_muoc.htm
In-Text Citation
(Kjellgren, 2010)
Video Tutorial
Annotated Bibliographies
Annotations will be a new paragraph directly below the reference, indented 0.5" from the left. Retain the double-spacing.
Delmas, P. M. (2017). Using VoiceThread to create community in online learning. TechTrends, 61, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-017-0195-z
This study investigated how VoiceThread could impact online student persistence. It used the Community of Inquiry framework as a guidepost for applying the technology, most specifically by leveraging social presence. The study sought to answer the question "does VoiceThread help create community for online learners?" Researchers surveyed 39 participants in master's and doctoral programs that were either fully online or blended. Based on the data, the researchers concluded that VoiceThread, as perceived by students who have used it, can promote social presence in online learning communities by making students feel more connected to other students and the instructor. Three positive themes for VoiceThread related to student to student interaction included hearing a voice, hearing voice inflection versus text, and learning about peers' professional/educational experience. While positive trends were highlighted succinctly, there was little discussion of negative trends, which challenged validity, and a small sample size (N=39) makes it difficult to generalize.